ABSTRACT
[Figure: see text].
Subject(s)
COVID-19/blood , COVID-19/immunology , Inflammation Mediators/blood , Inflammation Mediators/immunology , Phagocytes/immunology , Cells, Cultured , Humans , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/virology , Neutrophils/immunology , Neutrophils/virology , Phagocytes/virologyABSTRACT
We identified types of immune cells that contribute to clearing COVID-19 during the acute phase of the infection in mouse model and human. Our results suggest that both innate and adaptive immune responses are essential for controlling COVID-19 infection. Mild infection report of children by COVID-19 comparing adults' infection causes conclusion of higher resistance of immune system of children comparing adults. Our results show innate immune system including phagocytes contribute severely to the elimination of COVID-19 in both mouse model and human. Our results also show the elimination of COVID-19 required the activation of B cells by CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T cells play an important role in elimination of COVID-19 in primary effection. We measured IgM and IgG in all patients including adults and kids (human) and found IgM and IgG in kids patients are much higher than other adults patients. It causes production of much more natural antibodies in kids' bodies to protect them against COVID-19 that shows reason of mild effection of kids comparing adults. Our observations have important ramifications for the development of novel vaccination and medicine strategies to alleviate COVID-19. The most important result is for producing any vaccine for COVID-19, increasing and producing these factors must be included: (a) Phagocytes (IgM and IgG), (b) T Cells, and (c) White Cells.